Longitudinal gene expression and metabolite changes in 335 women over 8 years
In 335 females followed for 8 years, levels of 5061 genes and 181 metabolites in whole blood changed over time; individual trajectories often diverged from population trends and were shaped by genetics, circadian rhythm, seasonality and pollutant exposures. [1]
Automatic summary · not editorially reviewed
The key findings
Whole-blood gene expression and metabolite levels were profiled longitudinally in 335 females over 8 years. [1]
Levels of 5061 genes and 181 metabolites changed over time, and individual trajectories often diverged from population-level trends. [1]
Trajectories were shaped by genetics, circadian rhythm, seasonality and environmental pollutant exposures. [1]
The source at a glance
- Study type / format
- Longitudinal multiomic cohort study (abstract)
- Population / context
- 335 females followed over 8 years
- Summary based on
- Study abstract
- Original publication
- September 3, 2026
Longitudinal whole-blood profiling in 335 females
The abstract describes a longitudinal study that profiled whole-blood gene expression and metabolite levels in 335 females over 8 years. This design tracks the same participants repeatedly, so it can describe how molecular levels change within individuals over time. The abstract does not report participant ages, health status, sampling intervals or how many measurements were taken.
Supporting source [1]
5061 genes and 181 metabolites changed over time
Levels of 5061 genes and 181 metabolites changed over time. Individual trajectories often diverged from population-level trends. The longitudinally variable genes showed cell type specificity and enrichment for aging-relevant pathways, including cardiometabolic and neurodegenerative disorders. The abstract reports these as pathway enrichments, not as evidence that these conditions developed in the participants.
Supporting source [1]
Genetics, circadian rhythm, seasonality and pollutants
Longitudinal trajectories were further shaped by genetics, circadian rhythm, seasonality and environmental pollutant exposures. Integrative analyses revealed extensive static and time-variable connectivity across the measured molecular layers. The abstract frames longitudinal profiling as offering insight into the temporal evolution of age-related conditions at the molecular level and notes that understanding individual variation will be essential for future precision medicine approaches. These are stated aims and interpretations, not demonstrated clinical benefits.
Supporting source [1]
How to interpret this
This is based on the abstract only; the full text was not reviewed. The abstract does not report participant ages, health status, sampling schedule, effect sizes or statistical uncertainty, and it does not show that the pathway enrichments reflect disease outcomes.
Based on the study abstract; the full paper, tables and supplementary data were not reviewed.
Source & supporting passages
El-Sayed Moustafa JS, Ramisch A, Raza YN, Leday GGR, Jiao Y, Wang D, Stevens M, Roberts AL, Tomlinson M, Yan X, Ing-Simmons E, Wadge S, Abdalla M, Falchi M, Holmes CC, Menni C, Nicholson G, McCarthy MI, Dermitzakis ET, Richardson S, Spector TD, Small KS. · europepmc.org · September 3, 2026