Sleep decline plus CKM vulnerability and incident CVD in middle-aged and older Chinese adults
In a CHARLS landmark cohort, CKM vulnerability was the stronger cardiovascular risk background; people with both sleep deterioration and CKM vulnerability had the highest observed risk, without clear interaction. [1]
Automatic summary · not editorially reviewed
The key findings
Sleep deterioration was defined as a decrease of at least one hour in nighttime sleep duration from 2013 to 2015. [1]
At the 2015 landmark, CKM vulnerability meant having at least two of adiposity, hypertension and diabetes. [1]
The fully adjusted analysis included 8,228 participants and 1,368 events, with an adjusted absolute risk of 26.68% for both conditions. [1]
The source at a glance
- Study type / format
- Longitudinal landmark cohort study (abstract).
- Population / context
- Middle-aged and older adults in the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS).
- Summary based on
- Study abstract
- Publication status
- Preprint · peer-review status not confirmed
- Original publication
- August 31, 2026
Sleep decline and CKM vulnerability in CHARLS
This longitudinal landmark analysis used the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS). Sleep deterioration meant nighttime sleep duration fell by at least one hour between 2013 and 2015. At the 2015 landmark, CKM vulnerability meant having at least two of adiposity, hypertension and diabetes. The researchers compared four joint phenotypes and examined whether the two conditions together marked cardiovascular risk.
Supporting source [1]
Highest risk with both conditions in 8,228 participants
The fully adjusted analysis included 8,228 participants and 1,368 events. Compared with neither condition, the adjusted risk ratio was 1.13 (95% confidence interval 0.98–1.29) for sleep deterioration only, 1.74 (1.54–1.96) for CKM vulnerability only, and 1.99 (1.70–2.32) for both. The adjusted absolute risk for both conditions was 26.68%. Sleep deterioration alone did not reach conventional statistical significance, and no clear multiplicative or additive interaction was observed.
Supporting source [1]
Cautious reading of exploratory transferability
The authors conclude that CKM vulnerability was the stronger cardiovascular risk background, while the joint phenotype identified the highest observed-risk group. The absence of clear interaction and heterogeneous exploratory findings in external ageing cohorts support cautious interpretation. Considering sleep deterioration with CKM vulnerability may inform longitudinal risk phenotyping, but objective sleep and kidney-specific measures require further evaluation.
Supporting source [1]
How to interpret this
Abstract only; the full text was not reviewed. The design is a longitudinal landmark cohort study, and exploratory transferability findings in external ageing cohorts were heterogeneous. Objective sleep and kidney-specific measures were not evaluated. Associations do not establish causation.
Based on the study abstract; the full paper, tables and supplementary data were not reviewed.
Source & supporting passages
Shou R, Li L, Zhu S. · europepmc.org · August 31, 2026