Sex-specific biological aging clocks across 15 organ systems
The abstract reports 38 sex-specific biological aging clocks across 15 organ systems, showing that female and male clocks diverge and relate differently to genetic, molecular and clinical measures. [1]
Automatic summary · not editorially reviewed
The key findings
The authors developed 38 sex-specific biological aging clocks across 15 organ systems. [1]
Genetic parameters and Mendelian randomization results indicated that organ-specific aging liability and its links to cardiometabolic, endocrine and mental traits are configured differently in females and males. [1]
The abstract reports sex-dependent associations between the brain aging clock and cognitive decline trajectory during a preclinical Alzheimer's disease clinical trial. [1]
The source at a glance
- Study type / format
- Abstract of a modeling and multi-omics study with longitudinal survival analyses
- Population / context
- Human samples analyzed in sex-specific biological aging clock research, including participants in a preclinical Alzheimer's disease clinical trial.
- Summary based on
- Study abstract
- Original publication
- September 16, 2026
Why sex-stratified clocks were built
The abstract states that sex shapes aging, neurodevelopment and neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's disease. It adds that most biological aging clocks, defined as artificial-intelligence-predicted age minus chronological age, were trained on sex-pooled samples and implicitly assume sex invariance. The authors therefore developed 38 sex-specific clocks across 15 organ systems and report that sex-stratified training mattered for building sex-specific healthy normative references.
Supporting source [1]
Divergence in genetic, proteomic and clinical links
The abstract reports marked divergence between female and male clocks. Genetic parameters and Mendelian randomization results indicated that organ-specific aging liability and its relationships to cardiometabolic, endocrine and mental traits are configured differently in females and males. Proteomic analyses identified distinct, organ-resolved synaptic, immune, vascular and metabolic networks that differentially track female and male biological aging. In longitudinal survival analyses, the clocks predicted whole-body systemic diseases and all-cause mortality in a sex-dependent and organ-dependent manner.
Supporting source [1]
Brain clock and cognitive decline in a trial
The abstract reports sex-dependent associations between the brain aging clock and cognitive decline trajectory during a preclinical Alzheimer's disease clinical trial. It concludes that sex-stratified clocks may define biological age against sex-appropriate normative references and reveal sex-dependent genetic, molecular and clinical signatures that pooled models may obscure. It also states that sex-pooled and sex-interaction approaches remain valuable because human aging and disease share fundamental biological similarities between females and males.
Supporting source [1]
How to interpret this
This is an abstract; the full text was not reviewed. The abstract does not report sample sizes, follow-up duration, clock validation details or effect sizes, and the described associations do not establish causation.
Based on the study abstract; the full paper, tables and supplementary data were not reviewed.
Source & supporting passages
MULTI Consortium, Song Z, Feng D, Rahman NA, Duggan MR, Tian Q, Zeng J, Zhou X, Zou C, Rafii MS, Shen L, Thompson P, Simonsick EM, Walker KA, Zalesky A, Davatzikos C, Aisen P, Ferrucci L, Resnick SM, Wen J. · europepmc.org · September 16, 2026